| Lac operon hypothesis | 乳糖操纵子假说 | 46 |
| lactic dehydrogenase | 乳酸脱氢酶 | 81 |
| LDL receptor | 低密度脂蛋白受体 | 75 |
| leaky gene | 漏出基因 | 45 |
| Leber′s hereditary optic neuropathy,LHOH | 遗传视神经病 | 43,58 |
| Lesch-Nyhan syndrome | 自毁容貌综合征 | 79 |
| liability | 易患性 | 84 |
| linkage | 连锁 | 6 |
| liposome | 脂质体 | 142,168 |
| loop, radial | 桡箕 | 134 |
| loop,ulner | 尺箕 | 134 |
| loss of heterozygosity(LOG) | 杂合性丢失 | 126 |
| low density lipoprotein(LDL) | 低密度脂蛋白 | 75 |
| Lyon′s hypotheis Lyon | 假说，X失活假说 | 26 |
| lysine chain | 赖氨酸链 | 169 |